法定付款要求书(statutory demand):21天内应如何应对

债权人发出的法定付款要求书(statutory demand),是针对4,000澳元或以上、已到期应付债务的正式书面要求。自送达之日起,贵公司有21天时间付清款项、与债权人达成协议,或向法院申请撤销该要求书。三者均未发生的,公司即被推定为资不抵债;此后三个月内,债权人可申请将公司清盘。这21天是关键:不可延长,也无从商量。

收到法定付款要求书?一般须在21天内处理。注册清算师可用普通话、粤语为您免费、保密评估。如需普通话沟通,请联系 Alva Zeng 或 Mia Li。

什么是法定付款要求书?

法定付款要求书是债权人依据《2001年公司法》第459E条向公司送达的文件。它可以针对单笔债务,也可以将多笔债务合并计算,只要这些债务已到期应付,且合计不低于4,000澳元这一法定最低金额。
要求书须符合下列条件方为有效:采用书面形式;载明债务及金额;符合规定格式;要求在法定期限内付款;并由债权人或其代表签署。除判决债务外,还须附上宣誓书,证明该债务已到期应付。
它不是法院命令,也不意味着公司资不抵债。它是债权人采取的一条捷径:公司若不作回应,债权人日后申请清盘时,便无需再举证证明公司资不抵债。

21天

期限自要求书送达之日起算,而非文件上所载日期。在这21天内,公司必须做到以下三者之一:

  1. 全额清偿债务。
  2. 与债权人达成协议,使该要求书得到满足。务必在21天期满前取得书面确认,而非事后补办。
  3. 向法院申请撤销该要求书。申请须在21天内提交并送达债权人。

法院无权延长该期限。即使理由再充分,第22天提交的申请也已逾期。这是董事在处理法定付款要求书时所犯的、代价最高的一个错误。

撤销法定付款要求书

在下列情形下,法院可以撤销要求书:对债务是否存在或金额多少存在真实争议;或公司对债权人享有抵销请求权,即反索赔、抵销或交叉请求,即便该请求源于不相关的事项。
法院会计算一个”经证实金额”:已承认的债务金额,减去抵销请求的总额。若结果低于4,000澳元,要求书将被撤销;若高于该金额,法院可改为变更要求乥。
此外,要求书若存在会造成重大不公的瑕疵,或基于其他理由,也可以被撤销。并非所有错误都足以使要求书失效,因此,即便要求书看起来有瑕疵,也绝不可置之不理。

置之不理会怎样?

  • 推定资不抵债。未在21天内履行,公司即被推定为资不抵债。
  • 三个月的窗口期。债权人可凭该推定,在公司未履行之日起三个月内申请将公司清盘。
  • 举证责任转移。在庭审中,除非公司能证明相反情况,否则法院必须推定公司资不抵债。这意味着需要提交偿付能力证据,而非仅作陈述。
  • 公司不能再就债务提出争辩。错过21天后,公司通常不能再提出本应在当时提出的争议。

法定付款要求书还是清盘申请:您面对的是哪一种?

法定付款要求书 清盘申请
性质 债权人发出的书面要求,尚未涉及法院 向法院提起的诉讼,请求作出清盘令并委任清算人
来源 债权人或其律师,送达至注册办事处 向联邦法院或州最高法院提交,并定有开庭日期
您的期限 自送达起21天 开庭日,但任何有意义的应对都须在此之前完成
如何终结 付款、达成协议,或撤销申请获准 开庭前付款或和解、获准延期,或法院驳回申请;否则公司将被清盘
还能重组吗 可以。小企业重组和自愿管理均可采用 有时可以。仍可委任管理人,但时间紧迫,且须考虑法院的态度

法定付款要求书与公司董事

法定付款要求书送达的对象是公司,因此这是公司的债务,而非董事个人的债务。但两者往往相互关联:董事如提供过个人担保,同一债权人可向其个人追讨;未缴税款还可能引发董事罚款通知(DPN),那是另一个21天期限,后果也另行计算。针对个人债务的要求,则采用另一种文件形式,即法定索债书(bankruptcy notice)。
公司被清盘后,董事自身的风险并不会随之消失。请参阅清算与个人破产的比较。

本周应做的事

  1. 确认送达日期。一切都从该日起算。请查看注册办事处,要求书常常送达该处,而多日无人察觉。
  2. 判断债务是否确有争议。若确有争议,须立即着手准备撤销申请。
  3. 评估公司是否有能力清偿。若无力清偿,问题就不再是这份要求书,而是哪一种正式方案适合;在清盘申请提出之前处理,选择余地更大。
  4. 在第一周而非第三周寻求专业意见。过了第21天,可选方案会急剧减少。

客户Google评价(英文原文)

以下评价直接来自Greengate Advisory的Google商家页面,实时更新。

发布于 Google Google
Luke Gale profile picture
Luke Gale
Google star 1Google star 2Google star 3Google star 4Google star 5Trustindex 核实该评论的原始来源是 Google。
Luke is the just most helpful and honest accountant I have come across. I would give him 10 stars of I could!
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Andrew Graham profile picture
Andrew Graham
Google star 1Google star 2Google star 3Google star 4Google star 5Trustindex 核实该评论的原始来源是 Google。
Luke was absolutely awesome from start to finish. I put off taking the steps to becoming bankrupt. Its a very daunting experience. Luke was understanding and very compassionate. Explained all the pros and cons. I was drowning. A massive weight off my shoulders If you are considering have a chat. You might be surprised Totally recommend Greengate
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Steven Fu profile picture
Steven Fu
Google star 1Google star 2Google star 3Google star 4Google star 5Trustindex 核实该评论的原始来源是 Google。
When I needed professional help with my financial challenges, the Greengate Team was the team I truly appreciated. Their experience, customised solutions, and friendly communication not only helped me practically, but also gave me great peace of mind.
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Tarun B profile picture
Tarun B
Google star 1Google star 2Google star 3Google star 4Google star 5Trustindex 核实该评论的原始来源是 Google。
We used Greengate Advisory for a Small Business Restructuring Plan, and John, Annie, and Quinn were fantastic throughout a genuinely stressful process. John was always straightforward with his advice and quick to respond when we needed direction on things like the ATO, superannuation obligations, and forecasts. Annie and Quinn were great throughout with coordinating the documentation and keeping things moving. The process involved a lot of moving parts and they managed it professionally from start to finish. Would absolutely recommend Greengate to any business owner navigating a restructure.
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Josh Read profile picture
Josh Read
Google star 1Google star 2Google star 3Google star 4Google star 5Trustindex 核实该评论的原始来源是 Google。
Luke at Greengate has been an absolute life saver to say the least. He has been helpful, understanding, respectful, and supportive throughout my difficult journey through a process of bankruptcy. He has given me time to process and ask questions, and has been as transparent as possible. Luke made it very clear, early on, that the company would make no gain from me, due to the circumstances, but he was happy to help me regardless. He has been beyond helpful. I cannot suggest the service of Greengate higher. The amount of questions I had to pick his brain for, and he helped me in the good nature of himself and the company. Thanks Luke. You’re a legend. I appreciate you helping me through this time. Thanks Greengate Advisory
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armindersingh1 profile picture
armindersingh1
Google star 1Google star 2Google star 3Google star 4Google star 5Trustindex 核实该评论的原始来源是 Google。
Very experienced people and good advice.All ways suggest the right path .we recommend to everyone to take their financial advice before doing any financial decision.
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Adam profile picture
Adam
Google star 1Google star 2Google star 3Google star 4Google star 5Trustindex 核实该评论的原始来源是 Google。
Their approach was practical, and straightforward, translating complex challenges into clear, actionable strategies while maintaining transparent, steady communication and support throughout the process of restructuring our business. They worked closely with us to implement meaningful changes—from cost optimization to operational improvements—ensuring real, measurable results. The end outcome is a stronger, more resilient business with improved financial stability and a clear path forward. Thank you to John Chand and the team.
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Aquaristic Aquarium profile picture
Aquaristic Aquarium
Google star 1Google star 2Google star 3Google star 4Google star 5Trustindex 核实该评论的原始来源是 Google。
We went through significant financial difficulties following COVID, especially during our shop renovation due to miscalculations and unexpected rising costs. This left us facing a substantial tax debt. John Chan at Greengate Advisory was incredibly helpful and professional throughout the entire process. His guidance and support gave us clarity and confidence during a very stressful time. Thanks to Greengate Advisory, we were able to navigate our situation and move forward with a much more stable outlook. I highly recommend their services to anyone facing similar challenges. Thank you John and Samantha for helping us get through this difficult time!
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Natalie Loko
Google star 1Google star 2Google star 3Google star 4Google star 5Trustindex 核实该评论的原始来源是 Google。
Awesome customer service! The genuine willingness to help those in need is absolutely beyond me! The advice given to me actually helped me get out of a big messy situation. so thank you so Luke! I appreciate it so much! 🙏
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Sher Khan profile picture
Sher Khan
Google star 1Google star 2Google star 3Google star 4Google star 5Trustindex 核实该评论的原始来源是 Google。
The Team at Greengate Advisory were very understanding, helpful and were prepared to listen to my needs and find a speedy prompt and efficient solution. John was very approachable and was always a phone call away. I would recommend Greengate Advisory to anyone who needs advice. Call John and his Team first before committing to anyone else. This is beyond Five Star Service with Great results where you the client matters.

收到法定付款要求书?一般须在21天内处理。注册清算师可用普通话、粤语为您免费、保密评估。如需普通话沟通,请联系 Alva Zeng 或 Mia Li。

Greengate Advisory 能如何帮助您

如果贵公司收到法定付款要求书,请在收到后立即与我们联系。我们的注册清算人可以评估公司是否有能力清偿、与债权人达成何种安排较为现实,以及小企业重组或自愿管理哪一种更为合适;如需提出撤销申请,我们也会与您的律师协同工作。首次咨询免费且保密,我们可以用英语、普通话、粤语或韩语为您讲解。悉尼请电 (02) 8318 3699,布里斯本请电 (07) 3868 1888。

相关指南

常见问题

回应法定付款要求书有多少时间?

自要求书送达公司之日起21天。期限自送达起算,而非文件上的日期。

法定付款要求书的最低金额是多少?

4,000澳元。单笔或多笔债务合计须已到期应付,并达到该法定最低金额。

21天可以延长吗?

不可以。法院无权延长履行法定付款要求书或申请撤销的期限,因此逾21天提交的申请即为逾期。

对法定付款要求书置之不理会怎样?

公司将被推定为资不抵债,债权人可在公司未履行之日起三个月内向法院申请清盘。庭审时,除非公司能证明相反情况,法院必须推定其资不抵债。

可以基于哪些理由撤销法定付款要求书?

对债务存在真实争议、公司享有抵销请求权、要求书的瑕疵会造成重大不公,或存在其他理由。申请须在21天内提交并送达。

收到法定付款要求书是否意味着公司已资不抵债?

不是。它是付款要求。只有在公司未于21天内履行时,才会被推定为资不抵债。

收到法定付款要求书后还能重组吗?

可以。小企业重组和自愿管理均仍可采用;在清盘申请提出之前采取行动,回旋余地更大。

法定付款要求书与法定索债书(bankruptcy notice)是一回事吗?

不是。法定付款要求书送达给公司;法定索债书是针对个人的对应文件,适用另一套规则和门槛。

资料来源:澳大利亚联邦法院《公司法资讯第1号:基于未获清偿的法定付款要求书提起的清盘程序》;《2001年公司法》第459E、459H及459J条;ASIC《清算:债权人指南》。本页为一般性资讯,并非针对贵公司情况的建议。查阅日期:2026年9月29日。

作者:Patrick Loi,董事总经理、注册清算人。Patrick 拥有超过20年的企业重组与清算经验,并创立了 Greengate Advisory。了解我们的团队。

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